AMC 10 Step by Step

2007 AMC 10A

All 25 problems, 75 minutes, scored 6 / 1.5 / 0. The answer key and the idea behind each problem are on this page too, folded away until you ask for them.

The problems

Show the answer key, topics and key insights

This gives away all 25 answers and the idea behind each one. Sit the paper first if you mean to.

#AnswerTopicDifficultyKey insight
1CRatios, Percents & AveragesA 25% discount leaves 75% of the price and a 30% discount leaves 70%; compute each total and subtract.
2AFunctionsA custom operation is just a formula; substitute a = 6 and b = 2 into each definition separately, then divide.
3DSolid GeometryThe submerged brick displaces its own volume, so the rise equals brick volume divided by the aquarium's base area.
4ALinear Equations & Word ProblemsConsecutive odd integers differ by 2, so write them as x and x + 2 and solve x + 2 = 3x.
5BSystems of EquationsTwo purchases give two linear equations in the unit prices; eliminate one variable, find both prices, then price the third order.
6ARatios, Percents & AveragesPercent increase is the change divided by the starting value; 6/60 = 10% beats every other year's ratio, which are all under 10%.
7DRatios, Percents & AveragesThe state tax is 10% of the remaining 80%, so total tax is 20% + 8% = 28% of the inheritance.
8DAngles & PolygonsBoth triangles share base AC, so angle BAD is the difference of the two base angles: 70 - 20 = 50.
9EExponents, Logarithms & RadicalsWrite 81 as 3^4 and 125 as 5^3 so each equation becomes an equality of exponents, a linear system in a and b.
10ERatios, Percents & AveragesConvert each average into a total: the whole family sums to 20(n+2) and the mother plus children sum to 16(n+1); the difference is the father's 48.
11CSets, Estimation & MiscellaneousTwo opposite faces use every vertex exactly once, so two face sums equal 1 + 2 + ... + 8 = 36 and each face sums to 18.
12DBasic CountingEach tourist independently picks one of two guides, 2^6 ways; subtract the 2 assignments in which one guide gets nobody.
13BLinear Equations & Word ProblemsMeasure time in walking units: walking b directly equals walking a home plus biking a + b at one-seventh the cost, so 7b = 8a.
14ACirclesA 3-4-5 triangle is right, so its hypotenuse is a diameter: 6 = (6/5)*5, and area scales by (6/5)^2 from the 3-4-5 area of 6.
15BCirclesAlong a diagonal of the square, center to small-circle center is 2 + 1 = 3 and small-circle center to corner is sqrt(2), so the half-diagonal is 3 + sqrt(2).
16EBasic Probabilityad - bc is even exactly when ad and bc have the same parity; a product is odd with probability 1/4, so the answer is (1/4)^2 + (3/4)^2.
17DNumber PropertiesSince 75 = 3 * 5^2, m must supply 3^2 * 5 to make every exponent a multiple of 3, giving m = 45, n = 15.
18CQuadrilaterals & Polygon AreasABCM is triangle ABG minus triangle CMG; similar triangles AMH and GMC (ratio 12 : 8) put M at horizontal distance 8/5 from line BG.
19CQuadrilaterals & Polygon AreasThe unpainted half is four isosceles right triangles, each with hypotenuse s/sqrt(2) along a side; the leftover painted edge is two corner legs of length w/sqrt(2).
20DAlgebraic ManipulationSquaring a + 1/a produces a^2 + 1/a^2 plus 2; square twice and subtract 2 each time: 16 - 2 = 14, then 196 - 2 = 194.
21CSolid GeometryThe sphere's diameter is both the outer edge 2 and the inner cube's space diagonal s*sqrt(3), so s^2 = 4/3 and surface area is 8.
22DBases & DigitsBecause the digits wrap around cyclically, every digit appears once in each of the three places, so S = 111 times the digit total and 111 = 3 * 37.
23BDiophantine EquationsFactor (m+n)(m-n) = 96; m + n and m - n share parity, so both factors are even: 2*48, 4*24, 6*16, 8*12.
24BCirclesDraw AE and BF: the shaded region is rectangle ABFE minus two isosceles right triangles (legs 2) and two 45-degree sectors of radius 2.
25DBases & DigitsS(n) + S(S(n)) is at most 38, so n is at least 1969; mod 9 forces n to be a multiple of 3, leaving 13 candidates to test.

Problems © Mathematical Association of America (MAA), American Mathematics Competitions. Reproduced for non-commercial educational use. The topic tags, difficulty ratings and key insights on this page are original to this site. No problem statements are reproduced here — each links to its own page.