Amelia has a coin that lands heads with probability , and Blaine has a coin that lands on heads with probability . Amelia and Blaine alternately toss their coins until someone gets a head; the first one to get a head wins. All coin tosses are independent. Amelia goes first. The probability that Amelia wins is , where and are relatively prime positive integers. What is ?
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Problem © Mathematical Association of America (MAA), American Mathematics Competitions. Reproduced for non-commercial educational use. Solution and commentary are original to this site.