Problems

Menkara has a $4 \times 6$ index card. If she shortens the length of one side of this card by $1$ inch, the card would have area $18$ square inches. What would the area of the card be in square inches if instead she shortens the length of the other side by $1$ inch?

Mr. Lopez has a choice of two routes to get to work. Route A is $6$ miles long, and his average speed along this route is $30$ miles per hour. Route B is $5$ miles long, and his average speed along this route is $40$ miles per hour, except for a $\frac{1}{2}$ -mile stretch in a school zone where his average speed is …

Elmer the emu takes $44$ equal strides to walk between consecutive telephone poles on a rural road. Oscar the ostrich can cover the same distance in $12$ equal leaps. The telephone poles are evenly spaced, and the $41$ st pole along this road is exactly one mile ( $5280$ feet) from the first pole. How much longer, in …

Emily sees a ship traveling at a constant speed along a straight section of a river. She walks parallel to the riverbank at a uniform rate faster than the ship. She counts $210$ equal steps walking from the back of the ship to the front. Walking in the opposite direction, she counts $42$ steps of the same size from the …

How many ordered pairs $(x,y)$ of real numbers satisfy the following system of equations? \begin{align} x^2+3y&=9 \\ (|x|+|y|-4)^2 &= 1 \end{align}

The graph of $$f(x) = |\lfloor x \rfloor| - |\lfloor 1 - x \rfloor|$$ is symmetric about which of the following? (Here $\lfloor x \rfloor$ is the greatest integer not exceeding $x$ .)

For how many ordered pairs $(b,c)$ of positive integers does neither $x^2+bx+c=0$ nor $x^2+cx+b=0$ have two distinct real solutions?

A quadratic polynomial with real coefficients and leading coefficient $1$ is called $\emph{disrespectful}$ if the equation $p(p(x))=0$ is satisfied by exactly three real numbers. Among all the disrespectful quadratic polynomials, there is a unique such polynomial $\tilde{p}(x)$ for which the sum of the roots is …

The expression $\frac{2021}{2020} - \frac{2020}{2021}$ is equal to the fraction $\frac{p}{q}$ in which $p$ and $q$ are positive integers whose greatest common divisor is ${ }1$ . What is $p?$

At noon on a certain day, Minneapolis is $N$ degrees warmer than St. Louis. At $4{:}00$ the temperature in Minneapolis has fallen by $5$ degrees while the temperature in St. Louis has risen by $3$ degrees, at which time the temperatures in the two cities differ by $2$ degrees. What is the product of all possible values …

Let $n=8^{2022}$ . Which of the following is equal to $\frac{n}{4}?$

The knights in a certain kingdom come in two colors. $\frac{2}{7}$ of them are red, and the rest are blue. Furthermore, $\frac{1}{6}$ of the knights are magical, and the fraction of red knights who are magical is $2$ times the fraction of blue knights who are magical. What fraction of red knights are magical?

Which of the following conditions is sufficient to guarantee that integers $x$ , $y$ , and $z$ satisfy the equation $$x(x-y)+y(y-z)+z(z-x) = 1?$$

Let $N$ be the positive integer $7777\ldots777$ , a $313$ -digit number where each digit is a $7$ . Let $f(r)$ be the leading digit of the $r{ }$ th root of $N$ . What is $$f(2) + f(3) + f(4) + f(5)+ f(6)?$$

What value of $x$ satisfies $$x- \frac{3}{4} = \frac{5}{12} - \frac{1}{3}?$$

The numbers $3, 5, 7, a,$ and $b$ have an average (arithmetic mean) of $15$ . What is the average of $a$ and $b$ ?

Assuming $a\neq3$ , $b\neq4$ , and $c\neq5$ , what is the value in simplest form of the following expression? $$\frac{a-3}{5-c} \cdot \frac{b-4}{3-a} \cdot \frac{c-5}{4-b}$$

A driver travels for $2$ hours at $60$ miles per hour, during which her car gets $30$ miles per gallon of gasoline. She is paid $\$0.50$ per mile, and her only expense is gasoline at $\$2.00$ per gallon. What is her net rate of pay, in dollars per hour, after this expense?

What is the sum of all real numbers $x$ for which $|x^2-12x+34|=2?$

The $25$ integers from $-10$ to $14,$ inclusive, can be arranged to form a $5$ -by- $5$ square in which the sum of the numbers in each row, the sum of the numbers in each column, and the sum of the numbers along each of the main diagonals are all the same. What is the value of this common sum?

What is the value of $$1+2+3-4+5+6+7-8+\cdots+197+198+199-200?$$

Real numbers $x$ and $y$ satisfy $x + y = 4$ and $x \cdot y = -2$ . What is the value of $$x + \frac{x^3}{y^2} + \frac{y^3}{x^2} + y?$$

Define $$P(x) =(x-1^2)(x-2^2)\cdots(x-100^2).$$ How many integers $n$ are there such that $P(n)\leq 0$ ?

What is the value of $$1 - (-2) - 3 - (-4) - 5 - (-6)?$$

The ratio of $w$ to $x$ is $4:3$ , the ratio of $y$ to $z$ is $3:2$ , and the ratio of $z$ to $x$ is $1:6$ . What is the ratio of $w$ to $y?$