A disk of radius rolls all the way around the inside of a square of side length and sweeps out a region of area . A second disk of radius rolls all the way around the outside of the same square and sweeps out a region of area . The value of can be written as , where , and are positive integers and and are relatively prime. What is ?
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Problem © Mathematical Association of America (MAA), American Mathematics Competitions. Reproduced for non-commercial educational use. Solution and commentary are original to this site.