AMC 10 Step by Step

2008 AMC 10B

All 25 problems, 75 minutes, scored 6 / 1.5 / 0. The answer key and the idea behind each problem are on this page too, folded away until you ask for them.

The problems

Show the answer key, topics and key insights

This gives away all 25 answers and the idea behind each one. Sit the paper first if you mean to.

#AnswerTopicDifficultyKey insight
1EBasic CountingWith k three-point baskets the total is 10 + k, and k can be any of 0 through 5, so there are six totals.
2BSets, Estimation & MiscellaneousJust rewrite the block after the two reversals and add the diagonals: 1+10+17+22 = 50 versus 4+9+16+25 = 54.
3DExponents, Logarithms & RadicalsConvert to fractional exponents: x times sqrt(x) is x^(3/2), and the cube root divides the exponent by 3.
4CLinear Equations & Word ProblemsTo maximize one salary, pay the other 20 players the minimum 15,000 each and give the rest of the 700,000 cap to the star.
5AFunctionsSince (x-y)^2 and (y-x)^2 are the same number, the operation is applied to two equal inputs and gives (0)^2 = 0.
6CRatios, Percents & AveragesBoth conditions are measured from D: BD is 1/5 of AD and CD is 1/10 of AD, so BC = BD - CD = 1/10 of AD.
7CSimilar & Congruent TrianglesThe big triangle is a scaled copy of the small one with ratio 10, so its area is 10^2 = 100 times as large.
8CDiophantine EquationsIn 3r + 2c = 50 the term 3r must be even, so r is even; r can be 0, 2, ..., 16, which is 9 values.
9AQuadraticsBy Vieta the roots sum to 2a/a = 2, so their average is 1 regardless of b.
10ACirclesThe line from the center through the arc midpoint bisects chord AB perpendicularly; the center is 4 from the chord, so C is 1 beyond it.
11BSequences & SeriesCall u_4 = a; then u_5 = 2a + 9 and u_6 = 5a + 18, so 5a + 18 = 128 gives a = 22 and u_5 = 53.
12ASets, Estimation & MiscellaneousEach flip is 100,000 steps, so the year totals 44(100,000) + 50,000 = 4,450,000 steps; divided by 1800 that is about 2470 miles.
13BSequences & SeriesMean n over n terms means the partial sums are n^2, so the n-th term is n^2 - (n-1)^2 = 2n - 1.
14BCoordinate GeometryA = (5, 5/sqrt3) from the 30-60-90 triangle, and a 90-degree counterclockwise rotation sends (x, y) to (-y, x).
15ADiophantine EquationsThe Pythagorean condition collapses to a^2 = 2b + 1, so a is odd and b = (a^2 - 1)/2 < 100 forces a in {3, 5, ..., 13}.
16ABasic ProbabilityWith at least one die the sum is odd half the time; no dice (probability 1/4) gives the even sum 0, so the answer is 3/4 times 1/2.
17BBasic ProbabilityExactly one approval in three independent trials: choose which occasion (3 ways) times 0.7 times 0.3 squared, giving 0.189.
18BLinear Equations & Word ProblemsIn bricks per hour the rates are N/9 and N/10; together minus 10 they equal N/5, and 1/9 + 1/10 - 1/5 = 1/90 gives N = 900.
19ESolid GeometryThe water cross-section is a circular segment cut by a chord 2 below the center: a 120-degree sector minus a triangle, then times the length 9.
20BBasic ProbabilityThe targets 5, 7, 9 are all odd sums except 3 and 11; 18 of 36 outcomes are odd, and 3 and 11 each occur twice, leaving 14.
21CArrangements with RestrictionsSeat the men first (2 parities times 5!); each wife then has exactly 2 legal chairs, and that chain of options forces exactly 2 full seatings.
22CBasic ProbabilityPlace the three reds in non-adjacent slots first (4 ways among 6 positions), then check how the two whites and the blue can fill the gaps without whites touching.
23BDiophantine EquationsThe painted rectangle is (a-2) by (b-2) and equals half the floor; clearing gives ab - 4a - 4b + 8 = 0, which factors as (a-4)(b-4) = 8.
24CAngles & PolygonsThe bisectors of angles B and C meet at E with three congruent triangles and three 60-degree angles at E, so E lies on AD and angle BAD = 85.
25BLinear Equations & Word ProblemsTrack the truck's lead over each 50-second cycle: up 100 while driving, down 150 while stopped, so it drifts down 50 per cycle and crosses zero finitely often.

Problems © Mathematical Association of America (MAA), American Mathematics Competitions. Reproduced for non-commercial educational use. The topic tags, difficulty ratings and key insights on this page are original to this site. No problem statements are reproduced here — each links to its own page.