Suppose that is a finite set of positive integers. If the greatest integer in is removed from , then the average value (arithmetic mean) of the integers remaining is . If the least integer in is also removed, then the average value of the integers remaining is . If the greatest integer is then returned to the set, the average value of the integers rises to . The greatest integer in the original set is greater than the least integer in . What is the average value of all the integers in the set ?
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Problem © Mathematical Association of America (MAA), American Mathematics Competitions. Reproduced for non-commercial educational use. Solution and commentary are original to this site.