A set of numbers is called sum-free if whenever and are (not necessarily distinct) elements of the set, is not an element of the set. For example, and the empty set are sum-free, but is not. What is the greatest possible number of elements in a sum-free subset of ?
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Problem © Mathematical Association of America (MAA), American Mathematics Competitions. Reproduced for non-commercial educational use. Solution and commentary are original to this site.