A group of students from different countries meet at a mathematics competition. Each student speaks the same number of languages, and, for every pair of students and , student speaks some language that student does not speak, and student speaks some language that student does not speak. What is the least possible total number of languages spoken by all the students?
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Problem © Mathematical Association of America (MAA), American Mathematics Competitions. Reproduced for non-commercial educational use. Solution and commentary are original to this site.