How many strings of length formed from the digits , , , , are there such that for each , at least of the digits are less than ? (For example, satisfies this condition because it contains at least digit less than , at least digits less than , at least digits less than , and at least digits less than . The string does not satisfy the condition because it does not contain at least digits less than .)
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Problem © Mathematical Association of America (MAA), American Mathematics Competitions. Reproduced for non-commercial educational use. Solution and commentary are original to this site.