AMC 10 Step by Step

2017 AMC 10B Problem 7

P1-10~3 minPrint

Samia set off on her bicycle to visit her friend, traveling at an average speed of 1717 kilometers per hour. When she had gone half the distance to her friend's house, a tire went flat, and she walked the rest of the way at 55 kilometers per hour. In all it took her 4444 minutes to reach her friend's house. In kilometers rounded to the nearest tenth, how far did Samia walk?

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Key insight

Both halves have the same length d, and the walking distance is exactly d. Biking time d/17 plus walking time d/5 equals 44 minutes, written in hours.

Solution

The walk is exactly half the trip, so call that half-distance dd. Then dd is the answer we want.

1. The speeds are in kilometers per hour, so change the time to hours too: 4444 minutes =4460=1115= \frac{44}{60} = \frac{11}{15} hour.
2. Biking dd km at 1717 km per hour takes d17\frac{d}{17} hours.
3. Walking dd km at 55 km per hour takes d5\frac{d}{5} hours.
4. The two times add up to the whole trip:
d17+d5=1115.\frac{d}{17} + \frac{d}{5} = \frac{11}{15}.
5. Put the left side over the common denominator 8585: 5d85+17d85=22d85\frac{5d}{85} + \frac{17d}{85} = \frac{22d}{85}.
6. Solve: d=1115⋅8522=8530=176d = \frac{11}{15} \cdot \frac{85}{22} = \frac{85}{30} = \frac{17}{6}.
7. As a decimal, 176=2.833…\frac{17}{6} = 2.833\ldots, which rounds to 2.82.8.

The answer is (C) 2.8\boxed{\textbf{(C)}\ 2.8}.

Why this works

Two parts of a trip with the same length but different speeds give one equation: the times add up to the total. Choosing the unknown to be exactly what is asked (the walked half, not the whole trip) saves a step at the end. Keep all units matching: kilometers per hour with hours.

Alternative approach

Split the time instead of the distance. Walking is slower: covering the same distance takes 175\frac{17}{5} times as long on foot as on the bike. So the 4444 minutes split in the ratio 5:175 : 17 (bike : walk). Since 5+17=225 + 17 = 22 and 44÷22=244 \div 22 = 2, she biked 1010 minutes and walked 3434 minutes. In 3434 minutes at 55 km per hour she covers 3460⋅5=176≈2.8\frac{34}{60} \cdot 5 = \frac{17}{6} \approx 2.8 km.

Concise solution

A shorter write-up, the way contest solutions are usually written. It may take a different route from the solution above.

Let dd be the length of each half of the trip in kilometers; the walking distance is exactly dd. Biking dd km at 1717 km/h takes d17\frac{d}{17} hours and walking dd km at 55 km/h takes d5\frac{d}{5} hours. The total is 4444 minutes =4460=1115= \frac{44}{60} = \frac{11}{15} hours:
d17+d5=1115.\frac{d}{17} + \frac{d}{5} = \frac{11}{15}.
Combine the left side: 5d+17d85=22d85\frac{5d + 17d}{85} = \frac{22d}{85}. So
d=1115⋅8522=8530=176≈2.83.d = \frac{11}{15} \cdot \frac{85}{22} = \frac{85}{30} = \frac{17}{6} \approx 2.83.
Rounded to the nearest tenth, Samia walked 2.82.8 km.

The answer is (C) 2.8\boxed{\textbf{(C)}\ 2.8}.

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Problem © Mathematical Association of America (MAA), American Mathematics Competitions. Reproduced for non-commercial educational use. Solution and commentary are original to this site.